How to breed Blazamut in Palworld
Step-by-step guide#137
Blazamut
Fire
- Get itWild, Lv 46
- Breeding power410
- Male eggs50%
- EggHuge Scorching Egg
87 pairs make Blazamut in Palworld: 86 of different Pals, plus two Blazamut. The easiest is Jormuntide Ignis (wild, Lv 55–66) with Warsect Terra (wild, Lv 53–62), then Jormuntide Ignis + Menasting Terra. You can also catch it from Lv 46 (lowest near Flamepulse Islet).
Its breeding power is 410, between Flaracle (390) and Azurmane (420): two parents whose powers average closest to 410 make Blazamut. Lower powers are the rarer Pals.
The easiest pairs
Sorted by how soon you can catch both parents: their lowest wild level, then how common and how hard to catch they are. Each card is one pair to put in the Breeding Farm; open it to see the egg in the calculator.
- Jormuntide IgnisWild, Lv 55–66 · Rayne Syndicate Oil Rig+Warsect TerraWild, Lv 53–62 · Loess Plains=Blazamut.Open in calculator →
- Jormuntide IgnisWild, Lv 55–66 · Rayne Syndicate Oil Rig+Menasting TerraWild, Lv 48 · No. 3 Wildlife Sanctuary=Blazamut.Open in calculator →
- Whalaska IgnisWild, Lv 71–80 (World Tree)+Faleris AquaWild, Lv 65–67 · Frozen Coral Hill=Blazamut.Open in calculator →
- Starryon PrimoWild, Lv 74 (World Tree)+Whalaska IgnisWild, Lv 71–80 (World Tree)=Blazamut.Open in calculator →
- Jormuntide IgnisWild, Lv 55–66 · Rayne Syndicate Oil Rig+Sibelyx PrimoWild, Lv 75–76 (World Tree)=Blazamut.Open in calculator →
- Univolt CrystWild, Lv 75 (World Tree)+KnocklemWild, Lv 55–58 · No. 3 Wildlife Sanctuary=Blazamut.Open in calculator →
- Whalaska IgnisWild, Lv 71–80 (World Tree)+Elgrove CrystWild, Lv 75 (World Tree)=Blazamut.Open in calculator →
- Reptyro CrystWild, Lv 48–66+Knocklem IgnisWild, Lv 65 · Bicornis Islet=Blazamut.Open in calculator →
- Wumpo BotanWild, Lv 53 · Sakurajima - Southern Sandbar+Knocklem IgnisWild, Lv 65 · Bicornis Islet=Blazamut.Open in calculator →
- JormuntideAlpha, Lv 55 · Scars of War+Knocklem IgnisWild, Lv 65 · Bicornis Islet=Blazamut.Open in calculator →
Shortest chain from early-game Pals
The fewest breeds from a Pal you catch at level 10 or lower, with the easiest partners to catch. Hatch each egg and use the new Pal in the next step.
- Start with SparkitWild, Lv 10–32 · Golden Hills
- 1Sparkit + Relaxaurus → Relaxaurus LuxRelaxaurus: Wild, Lv 30–67, Bamboo Groves
- 2Relaxaurus Lux + Bastigor → BlazamutBastigor: Wild, Lv 75–80 (World Tree)
Start from your own Pals instead in the breeding chain, or plan it with passives in the Breeding path.
Where to catch Blazamut and its parents
- BlazamutSpawns from Lv 46 (lowest near Flamepulse Islet). Eggs found in the world hatch it too: 3.14% of the eggs in Volcano Egg nests (grade 1), as a Huge Scorching Egg.Map
- Jormuntide IgnisSpawns from Lv 55 to 66 (lowest near Rayne Syndicate Oil Rig).Map
- Warsect TerraSpawns from Lv 53 to 62 (lowest near Loess Plains).Map
- Menasting TerraSpawns from Lv 48 (lowest near No. 3 Wildlife Sanctuary).Map
- Whalaska IgnisSpawns from Lv 71 to 80 on the World Tree.Map
- Faleris AquaSpawns from Lv 65 to 67 (lowest near Frozen Coral Hill).Map
- Starryon PrimoSpawns from Lv 74 on the World Tree.Map
- Sibelyx PrimoSpawns from Lv 75 to 76 on the World Tree.Map
- Univolt CrystSpawns from Lv 75 on the World Tree.Map
- KnocklemSpawns from Lv 55 to 58 (lowest near No. 3 Wildlife Sanctuary).Map
Passives
Every Blazamut is born with Flame Emperor, bred or caught; it doesn’t need to be inherited.
- Flame Emperor30% increase in Fire attack damage.
To get the passives you want, pick them in the Breeding path: it finds which of your Pals carry them and the shortest route.
What Blazamut breeds into
Blazamut with each partner, by the Pal it makes (82 Pals). Two Blazamut make Blazamut.
- Vanwyrmwith Rushoar, Jolthog Cryst, Woolipop, Kelpsea, Tanzee Ignis, Swee, Ribbuny, Cremis, Rooby
- Felbatwith Mau Cryst, Tocotoco, Hangyu, Melpaca, Cattiva, Killamari, Mozzarina, Fuddler, Celaray
- Vaeletwith Galeclaw, Gobfin, Killamari Primo, Nitewing
- Tarantrisswith Mau, Lamball, Vixy
- Polapupwith Daedream, Tanzee
- Helzephyrwith Surfent Terra, Penking Lux
- Bushiwith Eikthyrdeer, Flambelle
- Mammorestwith Univolt, Robinquill, Kingpaca, Yakumo, Dazemu, Finsider Ignis, Wispaw
- Petalliawith Lifmunk, Jolthog
- Leafanwith Turtacle, Dazzi
- Incineramwith Gloopie, Amione
- Relaxauruswith Mimog, Smokie, Hoodle, Slowatt, Snock
- Beakonwith Pengullet, Clovee
- Ghanglerwith Mammorest, Tropicaw
- Menastingwith Azurobe, Xenovader
- Ragnahawkwith Lapiron, Beakon
- Moldronwith Relaxaurus, Mammorest Cryst, Broncherry Aqua
- Palumbawith Mossanda, Penking
- Digtoisewith Direhowl, Bristla
- Broncherrywith Beegarde, Tombat
- Bralohawith Elphidran Aqua, Vanwyrm, Gloopie Primo
- Kitsunwith Nox, Pupperai
- Blazehowlwith Fuack Ignis, Kikit
- Warsectwith Gorirat, Sweepa, Munchill
- Frostplumewith Incineram Noct, Warsect, Quivern Botan, Loupmoon Cryst
- Majexwith Rayhound Cryst, Dumud Gild, Smokie Cryst, Needoll Noct, Skutlass Ignis
- Maraithwith Depresso, Sparkit
- Shroomerwith Leezpunk Ignis, Cinnamoth, Herbil
- Shroomer Noctwith Pengullet Lux, Kelpsea Ignis, Ribbuny Botan, Muffly
- Icelynwith Loupmoon, Dinossom, Grintale
- Gildrawith Reindrix, Rayhound
- Jormuntidewith Suzaku Aqua, Relaxaurus Lux, Moldron, Splatterina, Mycora
- Suzakuwith Pyrin, Lullu
- Quivernwith Lunaris, Souffline, Elgrove
- Skutlasswith Gobfin Ignis, Surfent, Needoll, Finsider
- Reptyrowith Maraith, Petallia, Tarantriss, Carnibora
- Starryonwith Gorirat Terra, Dinossom Lux
- Pierdonwith Sibelyx, Elizabee, Katress Ignis
- Cryolinxwith Kitsun, Polapup
- Wumpowith Nyafia, Blazehowl Noct, Nitemary, Icelyn, Palumba
- Wumpo Botanwith Wumpo, Bushi Noct, Petallia Ignis, Prixter Lux, Sekhmet, Kitsun Noct, Fenglope Lux, Ghangler, Frostplume, Tetroise, Loomen, Lapure
- Sootseerwith Digtoise, Felbat, Bushi, Bakemi
- Carniborawith Foxparks, Fuack
- Blazamutwith Xenolord, Flaracle
- Dualithwith Jormuntide, Reptyro Cryst, Wumpo Botan
- Anubiswith Univolt Cryst, Faleris, Shadowbeak, Astegon, Dupin, Roujay, Dualith
- Sekhmetwith Turtacle Terra, Nitemary Botan
- Prixterwith Eikthyrdeer Terra, Caprity, Croajiro, Jellroy
- Tetroisewith Verdash, Wistella, Gildra
- Nyafiawith Wixen, Lovander
- Pruneliawith Cawgnito, Puffolt
- Nitemarywith Woolipop Terra, Robinquill Terra, Katress
- Smokiewith Green Slime, Blue Slime, Red Slime, Purple Slime, Illuminant Slime, Rainbow Slime, Enchanted Sword, Cave Bat, Illuminant Bat, Eye of Cthulhu, Demon Eye
- Omasculwith Pyrin Noct, Croajiro Noct
- Whalaskawith Grizzbolt, Helzephyr Lux, Sootseer, Xenogard, Venusa, Solmora Lux, Majex
- Verdashwith Dazzi Noct, Valentail
- Splatterinawith Helzephyr, Starryon, Omascul
- Gildanewith Cryolinx, Reptyro, Ragnahawk, Braloha
- Dogenwith Hangyu Cryst, Foxparks Cryst
- Bulldosuwith Fenglope, Foxcicle
- Astegonwith Beakon Cryst, Silvegis, Celesdir
- Knocklemwith Frostallion Noct, Blazamut Ryu, Orserk, Hartalis, Silvance
- Silvegiswith Gildane, Whalaska, Ghangler Ignis
- Azurmanewith Anubis, Starryon Primo, Azurmane, Pierdon Cryst, Cryolinx Terra, Faleris Aqua, Elgrove Cryst
- Lapironwith Hoocrates, Gumoss, Gumoss (Flower)
- Slowattwith Teafant, Chikipi
- Bakemiwith Leezpunk, Flopie, Jelliette
- Solmorawith Arsox, Chillet
- Lapurewith Suzaku, Azurobe Cryst, Quivern, Bulldosu
- Eidrolonwith Lyleen, Lyleen Noct, Paladius, Necromus, Knocklem, Knocklem Ignis, Celesdir Noct, Dualith Noct, Tetroise Primo, Ophydia
- Dynamoffwith Celaray Lux, Snugloo
- Tropicawwith Elphidran, Dumud
- Flaraclewith Selyne, Moldron Cryst, Whalaska Ignis, Solenne, Eidrolon, Renjishi
- Ophydiawith Jetragon, Panthalus, Bastigor, Shaolong, Dandilord, Aegidron
- Dupinwith Warsect Terra, Bellanoir
- Roujaywith Sibelyx Primo, Menasting Terra
- Venusawith Incineram, Wixen Noct, Vaelet, Kingpaca Cryst, Shroomer, Shroomer Noct, Prixter, Dogen, Snock Terra
- Mycorawith Menasting, Pierdon, Polapup Terra
- Loomenwith Prunelia, Vanwyrm Cryst, Broncherry, Mossanda Lux, Blazehowl, Dynamoff, Skutlass, Solmora, Leafan
- Wistellawith Chillet Ignis, Caprity Noct
- Solennewith Frostallion, Bellanoir Libero, Eidrolon Ignis
- Renjishiwith Jormuntide Ignis, Neptilius
Pairs whose mutated eggs hatch Blazamut
About 1 in 100 Breeding Farm eggs is mutated (1 in 33 with Extravagant Vegetable Cake). A mutated egg hatches another Pal than the pair’s usual child, picked from a range of breeding power set by the parents: 679 pairs can hatch Blazamut that way. It comes with IVs of 90 to 100, 2 condenser stars and a passive only mutation gives. The odds below are per egg with Extravagant Vegetable Cake.
- BastigorWild, Lv 75–80 (World Tree)+MajexWild, Lv 351 in 33100% of mutants
- BastigorWild, Lv 75–80 (World Tree)+Solmora LuxWild, Lv 65–691 in 33100% of mutants
- MajexWild, Lv 35+AegidronAlpha, Lv 791 in 33100% of mutants
- Solmora LuxWild, Lv 65–69+AegidronAlpha, Lv 791 in 33100% of mutants
- GrizzboltAlpha, Lv 30+AegidronAlpha, Lv 791 in 33100% of mutants
- OrserkWild, Lv 74–80 (World Tree)+VenusaWild, Lv 75 (World Tree)1 in 33100% of mutants
- MoldronWild, Lv 32–65+MoldronWild, Lv 32–651 in 16720% of mutants · easy parents
- MoldronWild, Lv 32–65+Ghangler IgnisWild, Lv 40–691 in 16021% of mutants · easy parents
- Ghangler IgnisWild, Lv 40–69+Ghangler IgnisWild, Lv 40–691 in 16021% of mutants · easy parents
- WumpoWild, Lv 45–52+MoldronWild, Lv 32–651 in 3579.3% of mutants · easy parents
See all 679 pairs in the calculator, sorted by chance or by the easiest parents, with the odds for each cake.
What Blazamut’s mutated eggs hatch
Two Blazamut make a mutated egg of 3 Pals, most often Ophydia (49%), Knocklem Ignis (34%) and Dualith Noct (17%). With other partners, Blazamut’s mutated eggs can hatch 89 different Pals. The rarest, with the partner that gives each one most often:
- Jormuntide Igniswith Bastigor: 100% of mutants, 1 in 33 eggs
- Tetroise Primowith Tetroise Primo: 100% of mutants, 1 in 33 eggs
- Knocklem Igniswith Solenne: 54% of mutants, 1 in 62 eggs
- Ophydiawith Moldron Cryst: 53% of mutants, 1 in 63 eggs
- Dualith Noctwith Cryolinx Terra: 37% of mutants, 1 in 91 eggs
- Knocklemwith Dualith: 24% of mutants, 1 in 137 eggs
- Celesdir Noctwith Dualith: 24% of mutants, 1 in 137 eggs
- Solennewith Dualith: 24% of mutants, 1 in 137 eggs
All 86 pairs that make Blazamut, by parent
Find a Pal you have, then the partners it needs. Easiest parents first.
Show every parent (63)
- Moldron+ Bastigor, Dandilord, Jetragon
- Ghangler Ignis+ Blazamut Ryu, Hartalis, Silvance
- Reptyro Cryst+ Knocklem Ignis, Tetroise Primo, Lyleen Noct
- Tetroise+ Aegidron, Panthalus
- Dualith+ Eidrolon, Renjishi
- Whalaska+ Blazamut Ryu, Hartalis, Frostallion Noct
- Gildane+ Hartalis, Silvance, Jetragon
- Wumpo Botan+ Knocklem Ignis, Tetroise Primo, Necromus
- Celesdir+ Dualith Noct, Ophydia, Lyleen
- Splatterina+ Aegidron, Shaolong, Panthalus
- Warsect Terra+ Jormuntide Ignis, Paladius, Necromus
- Blazamut+ Flaracle, Xenolord
- Dupin+ Solenne, Eidrolon, Renjishi
- Relaxaurus Lux+ Bastigor, Aegidron, Shaolong
- Kitsun Noct+ Panthalus
- Jormuntide Ignis+ Warsect Terra, Menasting Terra, Sibelyx Primo
- Azurmane+ Flaracle, Moldron Cryst, Xenolord
- Menasting Terra+ Jormuntide Ignis, Neptilius, Paladius
- Knocklem+ Univolt Cryst, Silvegis, Shadowbeak
- Pierdon Cryst+ Selyne
- Faleris Aqua+ Whalaska Ignis, Selyne
- Whalaska Ignis+ Faleris Aqua, Starryon Primo, Elgrove Cryst
- Suzaku Aqua+ Silvance, Dandilord, Jetragon
- Roujay+ Solenne, Renjishi, Celesdir Noct
- Starryon Primo+ Whalaska Ignis, Flaracle, Moldron Cryst
- Beakon Cryst+ Lyleen Noct, Ophydia, Lyleen
- Elgrove Cryst+ Whalaska Ignis, Moldron Cryst, Selyne
- Sibelyx Primo+ Jormuntide Ignis, Neptilius, Frostallion
- Univolt Cryst+ Knocklem, Solenne, Celesdir Noct
- Knocklem Ignis+ Reptyro Cryst, Wumpo Botan, Jormuntide
- Jormuntide+ Knocklem Ignis, Lyleen Noct, Ophydia
- Mycora+ Bastigor, Shaolong, Dandilord
- Solenne+ Dupin, Roujay, Univolt Cryst
- Tetroise Primo+ Reptyro Cryst, Wumpo Botan, Bellanoir
- Lyleen Noct+ Reptyro Cryst, Beakon Cryst, Jormuntide
- Silvegis+ Knocklem, Dualith Noct, Lyleen
- Flaracle+ Blazamut, Azurmane, Starryon Primo
- Shadowbeak+ Knocklem, Dualith Noct, Celesdir Noct
- Eidrolon+ Dualith, Dupin, Faleris
- Dualith Noct+ Celesdir, Silvegis, Shadowbeak
- Ophydia+ Celesdir, Beakon Cryst, Jormuntide
- Bastigor+ Moldron, Relaxaurus Lux, Mycora
- Bellanoir+ Tetroise Primo, Necromus, Paladius
- Moldron Cryst+ Azurmane, Starryon Primo, Elgrove Cryst
- Renjishi+ Dualith, Dupin, Roujay
- Aegidron+ Tetroise, Splatterina, Relaxaurus Lux
- Celesdir Noct+ Roujay, Univolt Cryst, Shadowbeak
- Faleris+ Eidrolon
- Selyne+ Pierdon Cryst, Faleris Aqua, Elgrove Cryst
- Shaolong+ Splatterina, Relaxaurus Lux, Mycora
- Lyleen+ Celesdir, Beakon Cryst, Silvegis
- Blazamut Ryu+ Ghangler Ignis, Whalaska
- Dandilord+ Moldron, Suzaku Aqua, Mycora
- Hartalis+ Ghangler Ignis, Whalaska, Gildane
- Neptilius+ Menasting Terra, Sibelyx Primo
- Panthalus+ Tetroise, Splatterina, Kitsun Noct
- Silvance+ Ghangler Ignis, Gildane, Suzaku Aqua
- Xenolord+ Blazamut, Azurmane
- Frostallion+ Sibelyx Primo
- Jetragon+ Moldron, Gildane, Suzaku Aqua
- Necromus+ Wumpo Botan, Warsect Terra, Bellanoir
- Paladius+ Warsect Terra, Menasting Terra, Bellanoir
- Frostallion Noct+ Whalaska
Blazamut’s stats by level
HP, Attack and Defense with the lowest and highest IVs (0 and 100), before the condenser, trust, the Statue of Power and passives. Alphas and Lucky Pals have stats of their own: an alpha Blazamut has more HP, the same Attack and Defense.
| Stat | Level 1 | Level 50 | Level 80 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blazamut | |||
| HP | 555–570 | 3,250–4,000 | 4,900–6,100 |
| Attack | 109–112 | 568–709 | 850–1,075 |
| Defense | 59–61 | 500–635 | 770–986 |
| Alpha Blazamut | |||
| HP | 565–583 | 3,750–4,650 | 5,700–7,140 |
| Attack | 109–112 | 568–709 | 850–1,075 |
| Defense | 59–61 | 500–635 | 770–986 |
Try your own Blazamut
- HP
- 3,625
- Attack
- 639
- Defense
- 567
Work Speed is 70 at base. IVs go from 0 to 100; at 100 they add 30% to the part of each stat that grows with level. The condenser, trust, the Statue of Power and passives add more. The calculator counts them all: Work out your own Blazamut’s stats and IVs →
Blazamut’s active skills
The skills Blazamut learns as it levels up, with their element, power and cooldown in seconds.
| Level | Skill | Element | Power | Cooldown |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Power Shot | Neutral | 80 | 4 s |
| 7 | Ignis Blast | Fire | 40 | 2 s |
| 15 | Stone Blast | Ground | 80 | 4 s |
| 22 | Ignis Breath | Fire | 160 | 8 s |
| 30 | Ignis Rage | Fire | 500 | 24 s |
| 35 | Brawn Impact | Fire | 600 | 30 s |
| 40 | Fire Ball | Fire | 600 | 30 s |
| 50 | Rock Lance | Ground | 400 | 20 s |
| 70 | Rocky Impact | Ground | 600 | 30 s |
What Blazamut drops
What you get when you defeat or catch Blazamut: the item, how many and the chance. Alphas drop more on top.
Drops
| Item | Quantity | Chance |
|---|---|---|
| Coal | 10 | 100% |
| Flame Organ | 10 | 100% |
Alpha: Cursed Tyrant Blazamut
On top of the normal drops, this alpha drops:
| Item | Quantity | Chance |
|---|---|---|
| Ancient Civilization Parts | 5–7 | 100% |
| Precious Claw | 5–7 | 100% |
| Assault Rifle Schematic 4 | 1 | 3% |
Awakened Blazamut
An Awakening Blazamut (level 80, on the World Tree) drops:
| Item | Quantity | Chance |
|---|---|---|
| Fire Radiant Gem | 10–20 | 100% |
| Decayed Ancient Relic | 30–50 | 100% |
| Dormant Ancient Relic | 10–20 | 100% |
| Gorgeous Ancient Relic | 4–8 | 100% |
| Glowing Ancient Relic | 2–3 | 50% |
| Glistening Ancient Relic | 1 | 25% |
| Coal | 10 | 100% |
| Flame Organ | 10 | 100% |
Riding Blazamut
You can ride Blazamut on land. Riding it needs the Blazamut Saddle, unlocked at technology level 46.
- On land
- Run speed
- 800
- Ride sprint speed
- 1,200
- Stamina
- 190
- Jump
- 1,500
Blazamut at a glance
- Work
- Mining 7
- Kindling 6
- Partner skill
- Magma KaiserCan be ridden. While in party, increases the Attack and Defense of the Pal fighting alongside you by (5~10)% whenever you defeat an enemy. This effect lasts 20 seconds and stacks up to five times.
- Base stats
- HP 100 · Attack 125 · Melee attack 150 · Defense 120 · Support 50
- Movement
- Stamina 190 · Walk 400 · Run 800 · Ride sprint 1,200 · Carrying 500
- Food
- 9 of 10 (how much it eats)
- Sell price
- 3,470 gold coins
- Capture rate
- ×1 (higher is easier to catch)
- Type
- FourLegged · size XL · rarity 9
- Paldeck
- Legends say it was born during a volcanic eruption. A strange group even claims that this continent is laid upon the back of a giant Blazamut.
Quick answers
What two Pals make Blazamut?
87 pairs do, two Blazamut included. The easiest to set up: Jormuntide Ignis + Warsect Terra, Jormuntide Ignis + Menasting Terra and Whalaska Ignis + Faleris Aqua. Any pair works with one male and one female; level and passives don’t change the species.
Where do I catch Blazamut?
It spawns from Lv 46 (lowest near Flamepulse Islet), with 2 alpha or big-variant spots. Eggs found in the world hatch it too: 3.14% of the eggs in Volcano Egg nests (grade 1), as a Huge Scorching Egg. The map shows every spawn point by day and night.
What does Blazamut breed into?
With other Pals, Blazamut makes 82 different Pals. The rarest: Ophydia (with Jetragon), Knocklem (with Frostallion Noct) and Solenne (with Frostallion). Two Blazamut make Blazamut.
Does gender matter when breeding Blazamut?
Only that one parent is male and the other female. Which parent is which doesn’t change the egg. A bred Blazamut is male about 50% of the time.
Can Blazamut hatch from a mutated egg?
Yes: 679 pairs can. About 1 in 100 Breeding Farm eggs is mutated (1 in 33 with Extravagant Vegetable Cake), and a mutated egg hatches another Pal than the usual child, picked from a range of breeding power set by the parents. The likeliest pair is Bastigor + Majex: 100% of its mutated eggs are Blazamut, about 1 in 33 eggs with that cake. A mutated Blazamut has IVs of 90 to 100 and 2 condenser stars.
What’s the fastest way to breed Blazamut from early Pals?
2 breeds from Sparkit: Sparkit + Relaxaurus → Relaxaurus Lux, then Relaxaurus Lux + Bastigor → Blazamut.
What are Blazamut’s stats at level 50?
At level 50 with IVs from 0 to 100, Blazamut has 3,250–4,000 HP, 568–709 Attack and 500–635 Defense, before condenser, trust, Statue of Power and passives. An alpha Blazamut has 3,750–4,650 HP.
What does Blazamut drop?
Coal ×10 (100%) and Flame Organ ×10 (100%). The alpha Cursed Tyrant Blazamut also drops Ancient Civilization Parts ×5–7 (100%), Precious Claw ×5–7 (100%) and Assault Rifle Schematic 4 ×1 (3%).
More free Palworld tools
Breeding rules: Pal Calc by Tyler Camp (MIT license). Pal icons from Palworld, © Pocketpair, Inc. Game Hosting is not affiliated with Pocketpair.